IT is best seen as the latest in a series of broadly adopted technologies that have reshaped industry over the past two centuries-from the steam engine and the railroad to the telegraph and the telephone to the electric generator and the internal combustion engine. They are becoming costs of doing business that must be paid by all but provide distinction to none. 1 Their very power and presence have begun to transform them from potentially strategic resources into commodity factors of production. By now, the core functions of IT-data storage, data processing, and data transport-have become available and affordable to all. You only gain an edge over rivals by having or doing something that they can’t have or do. ![]() What makes a resource truly strategic-what gives it the capacity to be the basis for a sustained competitive advantage-is not ubiquity but scarcity.
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